Oil
Pump
A
component that pumps lubricating oil from the oil pan through the engine as needed to minimize wear.
There are two basic types of oil pumps, the rotor type and
the gear type.
A rotor oil pump uses an inner rotor with lobes that match
similarly shaped depressions in the outer rotor. The inner
rotor is off center from the outer rotor. The inner rotor
is driven and, as it rotates, it carries the outer rotor around
with it. The outer rotor floats freely in the pump body. As
the two rotors turn, the openings between them fill with oil.
This oil is then forced out from between the rotors as the
inner rotor lobes enter the openings in the outer lobes.
Gear type oil pumps have a primary gear that is driven by
an external member, and which drives a companion gear. Oil
is forced into the pump cavity, around each gear, and out
the other side into the oil passages. The pressure is produced
by the action of the meshed gear teeth, which prevents oil
from passing between the gears, forcing it around the outside
of each gear instead.
The oil pump incorporates a pressure relief valve ? a spring-loaded
ball that rises when the desired pressure is reached, allowing
the excess oil to be delivered to the inlet side of the pump.
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